Discover the top Java frameworks for 2024. Stay updated with the latest trends and choose the best framework for your Java development projects.
We all know how essential cross-browser testing is in software application development. Cross-browser testing checks the website software application compatibility across various browsers and their versions. Enhanced knowledge of popular and highly acclaimed testing frameworks goes a long way in developing a new app. Testing is as essential as development.
Various languages are used to make the test cases for the software application testing process. However, Java is the most preferred language in this field. Most of the developers and testing team prefer Java as their preferred language due to several advantages. It is easy to learn, and it can develop applications from simple websites or applications to sophisticated websites. The frameworks are defined as reusable codes that solve the complex.
The developers and QA team generally need clarification on the framework and library. But they are different. Libraries are predefined code snippets that can be used for everyday functions, but automation testing tools or frameworks are ready-to-use utilities for developing and testing software applications. In this article, you will learn about testing frameworks, their benefits, and the top Java testing frameworks in 2024.
Before moving to the top Java frameworks for automation testing in 2024, let us discuss what a framework or Java framework is. The developers and the QA team have the privilege to use any kind of testing framework for their testing purposes. They have the flexibility to explore and utilize various Java frameworks designed explicitly for backend development. The backend of a website is commonly referred to as its server side. Using the Java framework allows the testing team to manage and organize the data on the backend side effortlessly. It ensures that the features and functionalities work correctly without flaws or malfunctions.
A Java framework is a set of code components developers use to create interactive and user-friendly web applications. While developing the Java application, these testing frameworks consist of various classes and functions. These classes and functions are responsible for accessing and managing the hardware and inputs provided by the users and making the application hardware interactions. Java testing frameworks define the basic structure of the test case and test strategies for the whole testing and developing phase.
The Java automation testing framework serves not only as a testing framework but also as a mapping that shows how the testing process will be carried out. Testing frameworks help decrease testing time and deliver a robust software application. They are designed to solve security-related problems.
Let us see the top and most recommended Java frameworks individually.
It is one of the most popular and recommended web application testing frameworks. It can perform automation testing for websites and web applications for various browsers and working frameworks. This framework is a prior choice in testing because it supports many programming languages such as Java, Python, JavaScript, C#, etc. Selenium permits the testing group to perform an iteration of the testing cycle in less time to mechanize the test cases, increasing testing productivity. These features of Selenium make the testing process bug-free and error-free.
The second framework is the JUnit. This framework plays a vital role in test-driven development and is a part of the collective unit test framework called xUnit. JUnit framework focuses on “test a little, code a little.” This means that it allows you to test your software application at every small stage of development. You do not need to wait for the software application to complete and perform the testing. It increases the testing cost as you need to pay more if more giant bugs or errors are found after developing the whole software application.
However, using the JUnit framework, you can perform testing at every small step and rectify them quickly. With the latest version of JUnit 5, exceptions are identified rapidly. You can even execute test cases written in the old version of JUnit. JUnit also has the feature of “assertions,” which allows you to perform testing according to your testing result expectations.
The TestNG framework is inspired by the JUnit tool. It is a viral automation testing tool in Java that the aspirants must know about. TestNG and JUnit have many similarities between them. TestNG allows the developers and QA team to extract the HTML reports after implementing the testing processes. It supports dependent test methods in the case of application server testing. It is a very easy-to-learn and flexible API plugin that allows the team to create custom extensions that help to perform automation testing effortlessly. TestNG has multi-support features such as it supports IDEA, Maven, Eclipse, etc.
Apart from all the benefits, TestNG has some drawbacks. Using this framework for testing purposes requires some good time and experienced resources. Also, this framework is only suggested if the testing scope includes test case prioritization. TestNG is of great help in scenarios with plenty of test cases to run. Moreover, TestNG is strongly recommended over JUnit or any other framework in these cases. TestNG alleviates testers’ workload and provides support for all categories of tests.
Mockito is another famous automation testing framework. This framework is mainly used for unit testing purposes. This testing aims to simulate user behavior, which helps to mimic the behavior of dependencies and isolate the test to a specific unit. Using Mockito for automation testing has several advantages. It reduced the testing cost by mock generation capability. This framework allows you to write automation tests with a simple API. It helps to generate clean and clear verification errors. It also supports the report and annotation mock generation. However, it also has disadvantages as it does not support final and static methods.
Cucumber is also a BDD (Behavior Drive Development) software testing tool. Software developers use this famous tool to create test cases for software application behavior testing. Cucumber is also renowned among developers for developing acceptance test cases in web application automation testing. Besides this, Cucumber is written in the Gherkin language.
Gherkin is a straightforward and easy-to-understand language, just like English. Initially, Cucumber was written in Ruby, but it was transferred to the Java framework after some time.
Both of these tools have native JUnit support. Cucumber, among other tools and frameworks, can be paired with Selenium, Watir, and Capybara. Cucumber supports popular programming languages like Java, Perl, PHP, Python, and .Net.
Selenide is a prevalent open-source and free Java testing framework in automation testing. It is built on the top of Selenium WebDriver. Selenide helps to develop easy-to-understand and easy-to-write automated tests using the Java programming language. The framework enhances the attributes of WebDriver, specifically time-out handling with bright waiting. Selenide provides a straightforward interface for performing web testing. For example, if you are performing automated browser testing, this framework will automatically take screenshots in case of any test failure.
Moreover, it ensures the delivery of stable tests by solving any issues related to AJAX. Also, it is more human-readable and short in length. It supports AngularJS, which is very helpful for increasing the testing scope. It also supports various modern design patterns for testing purposes, such as POM.
Spock is another popular automation testing framework. It allows the developers and QA team to execute testing on a data-driven testing concept. Besides this, Spock has multi-language support, making it easy for the developers and QA team to perform and write the tests according to their preferred language. You can use Spock with most modern IDEs to make your test development more accessible and readable. It is a specific and simple DSL (Domain Specific Language). Spock’s code readability and documentation are neat, and it can interpret plain English sentences, making it an easy, convenient Java testing framework for 2024.
Gauge is another BDD (Behaviour Driven Development) framework launched by Thoughtworks. Inc”. This framework is specifically used to perform acceptance testing in a low-code environment. This automation testing framework is developed in a business-oriented language, and it supports external data sources, which extends the testing limits to a great extent. Various templates are available in this framework, reducing the restriction of programming language selection. The testing team can choose their preferred languages to perform the testing process. It provides CLI (command line interface), making integrating with the CI/CD pipeline easy. Testers are active in making a continuous integration and deployment project successful.
They can contribute to the success of your CI/CD initiative by providing feedback, helping with automation, and fixing issues as they emerge. You can also quickly create a plugin using the open-source Gauge API. This framework can detect any kind of anomalies by using the screenshots. It allows you to perform parallel testing to generate highly scalable tests in less time. The drawback of this framework is that it needs some expert knowledge to handle it easily. There are issues of security and safety in this automation testing framework that need to be improved.
All these frameworks’ capabilities can be leveraged with cloud testing platforms like LambdaTest. LambdaTest is an AI-powered test orchestration and execution platform that lets you run manual and automated tests at scale with over 3000+ real devices, browsers, and also OS combinations.
One of the standout features of LambdaTest is its ability to scale testing operations. Whether manual testing is performed in real-time or automated tests running across various environments, It provides the infrastructure and resources to accommodate testing needs at scale. Besides this, it leverages artificial intelligence to facilitate the seamless and efficient running of manual and automated tests on a large scale.
Testing frameworks are defined as the utilities that make your testing process much easier and also add more functionality to your testing process. Many automation testing frameworks can be used, but Java is the most preferred language. Java testing frameworks are considered to be the best automation testing frameworks. So, in this article, you have seen what testing frameworks are and which are the best Java testing frameworks for automation testing in 2024.
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